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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of anti-parvovirus B19 immunoglobulin-G (IgG) and its prevalence in children with hematological disorders and in apparently healthy children in Menoufia University Hospitals. Background Parvovirus B19 infections can suppress erythropoiesis and induce acute erythroblastopenia, which is often referred to as transient aplastic crisis in patients with chronic hemolytic anemia such as sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and hereditary spherocytosis. Patients and methods The study was conducted on 60 children with chronic hemolytic anemia (40 children with chronic hemolytic anemia without a history of aplastic crisis and 20 children with chronic hemolytic anemia with a history of aplastic crisis) and 20 age-matched and sex-matched apparently healthy children. All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations. Serum anti-parvovirus B19 IgG levels were measured using anti-parvovirus B19 ELISA kits. Results The prevalence of anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies in the sera of chronic hemolytic anemia children with and without a history of aplastic crisis was 62.5 and 100%, respectively. Seropositivity of anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies was 20% in apparently healthy children. Seropositivity of anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies in children with β-thalassemia major and sickle cell anemia was 78 and 100%, respectively. Significant positive correlations were detected between age of the children, frequency of blood transfusion, and the level of anti-parvovirus B19 IgG. Conclusion The prevalence of anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies was higher in all chronic hemolytic anemia children, particularly in those with a history of aplastic crisis. Furthermore, all children with β-thalassemia major and sickle cell anemia with a history of aplastic crisis had anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies.

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